Sunday, January 22, 2023

SPARROWS IN THE PARK (In remembrance of the Mendiola Massacre)



SPARROWS IN THE PARK
(In remembrance of the Mendiola Massacre)

        Darkness had finally engulfed the horizon. Two lowly shadows were talking as they traversed the riprap bordering the seashore. A myriad sparkles of light coming from the yachts afloat, the tall buildings and the nearby park illuminated the surrounding.

      “Where do you want to sleep tonight?” Rod amusingly asked his little brother as they passed the PICC building.

       “How about up there?” Ador pointed to the rooftop of the convention center.

       “No way. It’s too cold up there. Remember, you got sick the last time we slept there? Besides, we might get caught by the guards this time.”

     “Hey, I know where – the waiting shed!” Ador trotted to the area carrying his wooden cigarette box. At the age of twelve, Ador was already a veteran cigarette peddler. He would jump from one bus to another, or streak from one side of the road over the center island to the other side. It was his everyday routine from five in the morning to six in the evening.

      Rod, on the other hand, was a master at odd jobs: from being a whisper pimp to cleaning the post office facade, to stevedoring. He was observant and aloof, and could almost always tell if you are being honest or deceitful. He had learned a lot from the streets he grew up on.

        Disappointment covered the two boys’ faces when they reached the place.

       “We can’t sleep here anymore, kuya. The cover is gone!” Ador kicked the withered santan plants that were supposed to cover the waiting shed from the road and served as sieves for street dust and vehicle smoke.

        “Too bad!”

        “They didn’t pay the caretaker again!”

        “Come on, let’s try the park.”

        The park was so quiet except for a few whispers and the usual night sounds. Near a low, bushy tree was a snug pit quite hidden but sufficiently lit by the high post lamp.

       “Hey look here, kuya,” Ador peered through the bushy camouflage. “This sure looks like a cosy place.”

        “Okay, let’s clean it up a bit,” Rod agreed after taking a peek. “Be careful. There might be centipedes or lizards nestling in the grass.”

        After the brothers ate their unemancipated supper of pancit guisado and two small plastic pouches of rice, Rod opened his bag and pullled out a half-torn blanket. He spread it equally on the ground, removed his shirt and used it to patch the large hole of the blanket. Then he sat down with his brother, legs stretched to the hilt.

        For several minutes, the two mused insignificant queries and exchanged thoughts as if they were Socrates and Plato playing with unfathomable ideas and enigmas, making shrieks now and then. Though most of the concepts were beyond them, not because they were intellectually incapable but due to the lack of education, all the arguments were reduced to the simplicity of cause and effect. This, too, was a daily routine between the siblings before they sleep.

     A bird’s eyeview would picture the sleeping duo in a small patch of ground surrounded by manmade landscaping and the pollution of the night world. The coincidence of that night’s tandem of dreams made it unforgettable. Both Rod and Ador had been wanting to know their past. They were separated from their parents when Rod was barely seven years old and Ador only two years old. They could vaguely remember their father and mother, and the incidence that separated them. The firmament above, perhaps in consolation, granted their desired dream where they would realized the past:

     There was a commotion from both sides of the Mendiola Bridge. The rows of protesting farmers were met with automatic rifle fire. The cries of agony were overwhelming as the farmers scampered for dear life. The memories of that infamous day – the Mendiola Massacre – became so vivid. It was horrifying.

      Indeed, how horrible was that day! Smokes of yellow and dirty-white covered the crossroads. Even the menacing barbwires bowed down to repent the evil that was committed. When the asphalt could finally be seen amid the smoke, nineteen bodies lie dead in front of the streets that separated the Malacañang Palace from the rest of the metropolis.

        There! There was father from one among them! Father’s wish to have a piece of land he can call his own, after decades of abuse and hardship in the sugar plantation, had been granted. A piece of land he could neither plant on nor cultivate, but a piece where he would be eternally emtombed. Yes, my God! There lay our father. There he was.

        A shiver of chill half-awakened Ador as he stretched his arm to embrace his brother beside him. The lenitive luminance lashing between life and limbo was languidly lacking. There was a greater haze than any of them could understand. To them, however, it was enough to temporarily appease their longing. And the dream, nay, nightmare continued:

        There was a scuttle – a chasing spree. The clean-up operation was massive. People of all ages were being yanked into a detention van.

     “My children, my children, where are my children?!” Tears of protest and pain watered the reddened cheeks. Bruises of red and black bemedalled the shoulders. A woman of courage, brave yet weak, persistent yet unarmed! There was mother!

        “Inay….!” Ador cried.

        Rod gently tapped his nape: “Sshhh!  Go back to sleep, we’re just dreaming.”

     The moon was now on the far side. Rod gazed as the clouds passed against its transformation to opacity. At the background was darkness, yet an entire universe full of stars. It was like traveling in time. For each twinkle of a star, a day passed. Like a lost sparrow on its flight, his thought quested for an unknown future.

        The siblings were awaken the following morning by an abundance of fragrance that filled the surrounding air. The flowers in the park started blooming.

        “Arayku! Arayku….!” Ador screamed. “What is that? Don’t hurt me!”

        Rod jerked up. “It’s just a bird pecking at your back.”

     How did the bird got there, so far from its natural habitat? A mother sparrow, probably thinking they were intruders landgrabbing her nest area, riled-up behind in a warlike fashion. Rod folded-up his head to meet his knees and mused a few more thoughts.

     “Why, you….! I’m going to make you my breakfast!” Ador angrily caught the sparrow.

        “Let it go!” prodded Rod. “The bird is merely protecting its nest.”

        “Nest….?! Where….?

        “There, about a meter behind your left.”

       Indeed, a little nest inside a thick bush with two stocky newly-hatched nestling at the center. Of all places, it’s a miracle that they have found a home in an urban park.

        “So, you’re the strange noise I’ve been hearing last night,” said Ador.

     “They’re just like us, but at least they have a home and a mother....!”  Rod contemplated. “They’re just like us….. They’re……”

        The echo of that particular memory brought Rod back to the present.  He smiled as he walks ahead of his mother and brother. The seawaves endlessly flirting with the ripraps; the cold breeze hovering over the convention center area; and the nearly-dilapidated waiting shed – such unforgetable parts of the immediate past.

Elena had accompanied her children in attending a free concert of folk and ethnic songs. It was barely a month since she was released from prison after the new government found her innocent of the crime of rebellion and was reunited with her two sons. 

        It was already past three o’clock in the morning and they decided to walk and stroll a little bit in the park and partaked the blessing of the morning air. They passed through the same path taken by Rod and Ador when they were still wanderers in the park.

        Finally, as if Ador’s limbs were being lured to the spot, they reached the sparrow’s haven – their haven.

        “Look, Inay….! This was our favorite sleeping place!” cried Ador.

        “The bottle I used to put drinking water is still here!” Rod noticed as he probed the area.

        Elena could only bite her lip thinking of the hardships that her young children have encountered during her absence. And to think that during those times politicians were claiming that democracy was returned to the country. Elena wrongfully was imprisoned for ten years, her husband murdered and their two very young children left to fend for themselves. She never did get justice for all these sufferings. The people responsible were even considered by some as heroes who restored democracy in the country. Such is the irony that beclouded a society ruled by the oligarchy. Elena emboldened her thoughts – “it was part of the struggle, a great sacrifice for a greater cause.” Thank God they survived.

        Elena’s tears invoked by her revolting spirit could merely alleviate her pain. As she looked toward the heavens, she saw a yellow ribbon tied to a tree, she angrily pulled it down, crampled it in her hands and threw in the garbage bin. At the same time, the first rays of sunlight venerated the zenith. Unnoticed, she wiped her tears and followed her children.

        “The nest….!  Is the sparrow’s nest still there?! Ador asked curiously.

        “Yes, it’s still here, but the sparrows are gone!” Rod replied.

        “Oh look ….! There they are, all three of them!”

        “It seems our former neighbors are migrating. The nestlings have fully grown their wings, and with their mother by their side, they will soon find a new home.”

      The sight of the three sparrows soaring freely through the morning sky was an advent as equally magnificent as the background. For now, darkness had been defeated. The sun was in full sphere. And the sky, hopefully, preparing a new dawn.

 

 

NOTE: This is a short story I wrote for Mr. & Ms. Magazine (published May 18, 1999), based on a true story, true  experiences, a piece of true history culled from the aftermath of the infamous Mendiola Massacre. The Cory Aquino Regime tried to cover everything, but no matter how they buried the corpses of the past, their spirits will emerge and reveal the truth. The perpetrators are now rotting in their graves. Perhaps justice may have been served through time after all.

I chose the title "Sparrows in the Park" to make it more dramatic. The names of the characters and certain situations have been change to protect their identities.

 

“LEARN TO DO GOOD; SEEK JUSTICE; HELP THE OPPRESSED; DEFEND THE FATHERLESS; STAND FOR THE WIDOW’S CAUSE!” – Isaiah 1:17





Sunday, December 18, 2022

MARIA CLARA VS. DARNA: SHOWDOWN OF TWO PILIPINO ICONS




MARIA CLARA VS. DARNA:
SHOWDOWN OF TWO PILIPINO ICONS

What do our national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal, and komiks writer Marcial “Mars” Ravelo have in common? What do Maria Clara and Darna have in common?

To answer the questions: Rizal and Ravelo, aside from having the “R” initial in their surnames have a common element – Komiks. Yes, indeed. In Philippine Komiks History, Rizal can probably be considered among the first Pilipinos (if the not the first) to have narrated stories in illustrative form. Thus, he is sometimes attributed to as the “Father of Philippine Komiks.”

While Rizal’s drawings may not be considered good enough for today’s komiks standard, the popular grade school fable The Monkey and the Turtle, which he illustrated (1880), is considered as the first indigenous cartoon drawings in the Philippines. He is also a novelist, having written two of the Philippines most renown novels – Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Revolutionary Adventurer) – where Maria Clara and Crisostomo Ibarra are two of the lead characters.

Ravelo, on the other hand, is the most prolific komiks novelist of all times, and is considered as the “Dean of Philippine Komiks” and “Father of Pilipino Komiks Superheroes.” He has written an estimated 800 novels and comedy skits since the age of 22; among the first ones which he himself illustrated were Ponchong (1937?), Bemboy (1938), Si Enteng at Si Engot (1938), Suprema: Ang Kamangha-manghang Dilag (1939), Igo, Ang Mamumugot (1940), Ang Mamamalakaya (1941?), Rita (1946), Buhay Pilipino (1946), Si Berta Ang Tomboy  (1947), Ipe (1947), Varga (1947), Ric Benson (1947), Boboy (1948), Totit (1950). Of course the most famous of his creations was Darna, which is a rewritten and remodelled version of Suprema: Ang Kamangha-manghang Dilag and Varga, and was drawn by another komiks legend, Nestor Redondo.


Rizal’s creation, Maria Clara, modelled after his real-life beloved Leonor Rivera, is the paragon model of Pilipina womanhood – pre-boomers era, that is. Ravelo’s creation, Darna, on the other hand, is the fictional sexy superheroine that has captured the hearts and minds of every Pilipinos of all ages since its inception in both komiks and film in 1950. Both are considered Pilipino icons. 

Who would even imagine that these two icons would clash? Well, we are in the cyberage for which almost anything is thinkably possible.

ABS-CBN premiered the latest Darna series on August 15, 2022 while GMA Network started showing Maria Clara at Ibarra around seven weeks later on October 3. Jane de Leon plays the role of Darna, while Barbie Forteza and Julie Ann San Jose portray the two time-divergent Maria Claras and Dennis Trillo that of Crisostomo Ibarra.

Darna started out strong because of the people’s enthusiasm about the character reappearing after more than 12 years hiatus and curious about how Jane de Leon would fair as the new actress portraying the superheroine. It toppled GMA Network’s ongoing series Lolong in the rating’s top spot. The series, however, struggled as episodes passed. Furthermore, the ABS-CBN Darna pilot could only muster a 10.5% in the Nielsen rating on its pilot, which is only less than a quarter of the 47.1% of the 2005 Darna starring Angel Locsin then at GMA Network – the highest rating for any TV series.

Soon enough, when Maria Clara at Ibarra premiered, the playing field was literally leveled. It soon soared pass all rivals including the Kapamilya Network’s Darna. It remained on the rating’s Number 1 spot continuously unchallenged. The Kapuso Network’s series was well-received by viewers and critics alike.

Based on the Nielsen Philippines Total Audience Measurement (TAM) ratings data for October 3 to 7, Maria Clara at Ibarra garnered a total of 15.1 percent on GMA and GTV compared to Darna, which only managed a combined total of 7.2 percent on TV5, A2Z, Kapamilya Channel and Cinemo. The same rout happened on the October 10 to 14 measurements with the Kapuso series having a 14.8 percent as against the Kapamilya’s 6.9 percent. For the December 12, 2022 TAM overnight rating, Maria Clara at Ibarra had 14.1 percent and Darna only managed a 6.7.

Now, for the nitty-gritty. Everybody who knows me knows that I’m a big Darna fan. As a journalist-blogger, who also used to do film and TV reviews for Celebrity World, MOD, Mr. & Ms. and Atlas TV Guide, I cannot allow my bias to run its course. Having said these, I am disappointed with the newest Darna series. It is not the fault of Ravelo’s iconic character, nor the portrayer. Jane de Leon did what she is told and what she could. So, don’t bash and bully the actress. The series is not a flop, but it’s not that good either. So many flaws and so-so performances. The problem I think primarily lies in the scripts, the choice of actors, and some on the direction. Chito Roño is a good director and also a screenplay writer, but he shouldn’t have allowed a run-of-the-mill story to push through; he should have imposed changes where they are needed.

Here’s my take: If you are going to modernize Darna and create a new series, albeit, the passing of the magical pebble (again!) in a millennial’s perspective, one needs to conceptualize a new storyline passed that which have been repeatedly shown. Without destroying the essence of the original story that Ravelo wrote, it should include new characters, protagonists, villains, plots, scenarios, and all. Enough of Valentina and her snakes; everybody knows about her already. For even if you change her alter-ego, the characterization is still a remake of the old – obsolete for the fans’ taste.  There are so many villains and intriguing plots in Darna’s more than two dozen komiks adventures; why the heck do they keep on recycling Valentina? Sure, she is the first and foremost supervillainess in Darna’s history, but people, even little kids, knew and memorized it already after ten repetitions.

One more thing: Even if you cramped-up a back-story in one episode just to explain the faulty and lackluster scripts, it’s worthless to all komiks aficionados who know about it. You don’t need a humongous billboard at EDSA to showcase Darna either; it only reveals the obvious that the producers are seeking public attention for a bland and left-behind series. All that is needed is fresh and innovative scripts, and probably an upgrade of the special effects especially Darna’s flight scenes, which looks so stiff and weird. The computer-generated imagery is laughable, to say the least. Hey, don’t tell me we are not technologically capable of doing visual effects ala-Superman?!

 

As I am disappointed with the new Darna, my attention, enthusiasm and appreciation were engaged with the concept of Maria Clara at Ibarra. Truly unique and outstanding! I love the way Rizal’s novels were played out mixed with time travel, the interaction of Spanish Era morals with the Generation Z bravados, and even the dialogs have some twists of Tagalog, Spanish and English, very well-delivered. Barbie Forteza, Julie Ann San Jose, Dennis Trillo and the powerful cast of performers all did great. The set design, costumes, scenes, and mannerism circa 1800s are remarkable and genuinely well-researched. Kudos to Suzette Doctolero and her team of writers, and director Zig Dulay.

As a writer myself, it’s truly an exciting thing to conceptualize a story where you mix history and science fiction, and spice it up with everything from drama to fantasy and adventure, to humor, romance and society’s scruples. The network is also brave enough to show the misdeeds and sinister side of Catholicism and the priests. Rizal would have been proud. And who would have the swift-thinking mind to include the blood moon in the storyline perfectly on the dot? (And why did the Darna writers miss it? They should have taken advantage of the same astronomical event, e.g. a portent of doom or, yes, a portal for Darna’s adversaries to enter Earth? Silly me, I thought of it)


Indeed, Maria Clara at Ibarra nailed it! Asombroso y excelente! Pulgares hacia arriba! Whoa! Did I say that right?!

 

 NOTE: This is a late review I made only for the curious people who kept asking me for days to make.
              Especially written for Ms. Kira Bongon.


Wednesday, September 21, 2022

MY STAND ON THE QUESTION, DID MARTIAL LAW SAVE THE PHILIPPINES FROM TOTAL COLLAPSE?




MY STAND ON THE QUESTION,
DID MARTIAL LAW SAVE THE PHILIPPINES FROM TOTAL COLLAPSE?

“What this (democratic) revolution requires is a political leadership that finds reason to institute radical reforms and, more important, has the courage to act on behalf of the people, and thus against the (oppressing) oligarchy, including its power brokers in the ranks of the intellectual elite..... Of what good is democracy if it is not for the poor?!”

                   – Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos, An Ideology for Filipinos (1980)


First of all, don’t get me wrong. I don’t favor Martial Law, for the simple reason that it has dark attributes. It can be used by some ambitious military officers for their own selfish agenda. If you read the older President Marcos’ writings, you’ll know too that he was forced by circumstances to declare it. It was an unwanted necessity.

Now, however, if you ask me, did the declaration of Martial Law saved the Philippines from total collapse during Marcos’ time? The answer is an absolute “yes!”

After the devastation and chaos brought about by the Luzon-wide flood of 1972, the Philippines was in deep turmoil. The CPP-NPA and Muslim secessionists took the dire circumstance as an opportunity to sow greater unrest in the country. Then there was the food and energy crises worsen by the increasing global oil prices.

The then Congress, controlled by bureaucrat capitalists, fascist oligarchs and landed elites, prevented socio-economic reforms. The government was at a virtual standstill and immediate, decisive, actions need to be executed in order to save the republic.

On September 21, 1972, Pres. Marcos signed Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under Martial Law. Two days later, he announced it through radio and television broadcast.

       

Being once upon a time having a radical revolutionary thinking; I was almost recruited by the Kabataang Makabayan of “Ka Nilo” Tayag and later mentored by Dominador “Ka Domeng” Arellano, two prominent figures in the Philippine social activism movement, I am not ignorant of the history of “struggles” of the Filipino masses. In a way, I was at the forefront of it.

I was still a student when Martial Law was declared. And mind you, I was an activist vocally speaking against it. Well, it was cultivated by the experience of our house being demolished without due compensation and the hardship me and mother suffered transferring from one residence to another. But I’m also observant of the things happening around me.

During Martial Law, people were disciplined, there was almost zero crime rate, and the people in public service were courteous. You can leave your bicycle on the street corner without fear of it being stolen. There was no red tape and document transactions with government agencies were fast and efficient.

It was during the Martial Law time when the Land Reform Program of the Marcos administration was set in motion, unhampered by feudal lords-lawmakers. Thousands of tenant farmers were given land titles, finally owning the land they till as tenants for decades.

The Philippines enjoyed its best economic development between 1972 and 1979. The economy grew despite two severe global oil crises in 1973 and 1979. World Bank data also show that Philippine Agriculture, crops (rice, corn, coconut, sugar), livestock and poultry, and fisheries grew at an average rate of 6.8, 3.1 and 4.5 percent, respectively from 1970 to 1980. During the Marcos’ “Green Revolution,” the annual rice production in the Philippines increased from 3.68 to 7.72 million tons in two decades and made the Philippines a rice exporter for the first time in the 20th century.

In the field of environmental concern, no other president made such radical and drastic move of abolishing the Philippines’ log exports. Upon seeing the studies made regarding Philippine forest, that the rate of falling trees was nearly a hectare per minute, Marcos issued a series of conservation decrees. In 1973, he directed the phasing-out of log exports and set January 1976 as the deadline for a complete stop. Under Martial Law, the once powerful logging concessions in the country could only whimper. Tree farming, on the other hand, was added as a “pioneer industry” in the investment incentive list of the Board of Investment. Marcos also enjoined the C.A.T. and R.O.T.C. cadets to participate in tree planting throughout the country. More than 10 million trees were planted and, by the early 1980s, areas near watershed were already reforested. Sadly, however, after Marcos was removed from power, the logging concessions returned and even the reforested areas were logged over bald.

Mathematics do not lie. Five of the eight major dams and 17 hydroelectric and geothermal power plants still fully functional today were constructed during the Marcos administration. No other president before or after Marcos was able to achieve such a feat. Aside from this, more than 90 percent of the bridges, more than 70 percent of the roads and highways, over 40 percent of the state colleges and universities still existing today throughout the country were built by the Marcos government.

Finally, it was only Pres. Marcos who has the initiative to establish a genuine Filipino Ideology, one which is based on endemic values, tradition and culture, neither left nor right, but a confluence of what is applicable to the Philippine setting.

So, again, if you ask me, “Did Martial Law save the Philippines from collapse ?” Yes, indeed!

 

I was in third year high school when I won an essay writing contest – “How Can the Youth Help in the Building of the New Society?” – sponsored by the Office of the President. My essay, titled Revolution from the Center, was critical of the Marcos government that when the news that I am being invited to Malacañang was relayed to me by our assistant principal, shivers ran up and down my spines.

Without recalling all the details of what transpired during those unanticipated experiences, I will just try to recall some of the key contents of that essay, among them: That for a revolution to succeed, it must come neither from the left nor the right, but from the middle – a revolution from the center; that the government can start that revolution with radical and revolutionary changes in its policies and social actions; that government goes to the grassroots of the grievances of the people and listen with sincerity; that government uses its power to balance the grave inequality between the poor majority with the rich minority and its resources and ascendancy to conquer or at least attempt to conquer poverty.

Suffice to say, I was among the seven winners and with that I had the rare, nervous, shivering, privilege to talk to Minister Victor G. Nituda, head of the Malacañang Press Corps, and President Marcos himself.

It would still be years of research and profiling before I would be convinced to change my political viewpoint. But I did and, notwithstanding the difficulties in life that my mother and I experienced, I do not regret it. I saw the comparison; I am a living witness of both the Marcos Era and post-Marcos Era; and I know the truth and the lies.


READ ALSO:
THE PRESIDENT MARCOS LEGACY

Sunday, September 11, 2022

PRESIDENT FERDINAND E. MARCOS: ON THE FRONT COVERS OF MAGAZINES



FERDINAND E. MARCOS ON THE COVER

Today, September 11, 2022, is the 105th birth anniversary of Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr (1917-1989), the man who served longest as president of the Republic of the Philippines.

Many things have been written about him. During his ascent to the highest office of country, good and promising; during his early incumbency, praises and accolades; during his reelection, visions and reformations, during his struggle against the oligarchy, encouragements and criticisms; during his last days in power, woes and worries; and during the reign of the Yellow Regime, defamation and lies.

Indeed, much of the written accounts about President Marcos inside books and textbooks printed after February 1986 have been polluted by halftruths and lies that the younger generation of Filipinos have difficulties discerning the truth, especially with so much fake news being disseminated by the oligarch-controlled yellow media. Looking back, it was the first act of Cory Aquino as president to purge all the good things that Marcos did, burn the documents, and replace them with all anti-Marcos concoctions they could invent. They pursued this for more than three decades until finally everything exploded in their faces.

Well, no matter what has been said and written about Marcos, one truth cannot be denied of the man – he had left a legacy so great no forces could purge, burn or topple them.

In commemoration of President Ferdinand E.Marcos’ legacy, here are several magazines with him on the covers.

Philippine Free Press (November 20, 1965).

The Sunday Times Magazine (November 28, 1965).

Time (October 21, 1966).

The New York Times Magazine (with Imelda R. Marcos, February 26, 1967).


Sunday Observer (March 18, 1973).


Liwayway (June 15, 1981).

Chinatown East (October 20, 1982).

Metro Timesweek (against Cory Aquino, February 2, 1986).

Time (against Cory Aquino, February 3, 1986).

Newsweek (March 3, 1986).

Asiaweek (with Imelda R. Marcos, July 5, 1987).

Sunday Inquirer Magazine (February 19, 1989).

Philippine Free Press (with the Marcos Family, April 15, 1989).

Asiaweek (October 13, 1989).

You know, history has the uncanny ability in correcting itself, and karma has a way of getting back at those who tried to distort history. Behold, as it unfolds! His son, Ferdinand "Bongbong" R. Marcos Jr, recently won a landslide victory, by an absolute majority of 58.77 percent of the electorates. It was indeed a historic vindication, Poetic justice – Iginuhit ng Tadhana (drawn by destiny).









Tuesday, July 19, 2022

THE MARIA RESSA CASE: When Media Become The Abuser



THE MARIA RESSA CASE:
When Media Become The Abuser

In most circumstances, the media are outlets where the people can voice out their sentiments and grievances against the abuses of politicians, governments and institutions, and the rich and powerful.

There are, however, instances when media are used to do the opposite. That is, when media have programmed objectives contrary to social order and justice; when they are funded and controlled by questionable entities that have dark socio-eco-political agenda; when they act against the will of the people they suppose to do their service; when they become tools of black propaganda with malicious intent against a person or institution; and when the media become the abuser instead of the protector of the abused.

 

Most recently, the Rappler chief Maria Ressa, is again the talk of the town. She has again proven that she is the “Queen of Fake News” as tagged by the Pilipino people with her Twitter post blaming recently-elected President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos Jr for her current predicament. She and her co-accused, Reynaldo Santos Jr, being recently convicted of the crime of cyberlibel they committed some ten years ago. 

Let us fact-check Ressa once more:

1. The cyberlibel complaint against her was filed on December 20, 2017, for an article published online by Rappler on May 29, 2012. The article was NOT about Marcos and it’s more than 10 years prior to him being elected president! 

2. The one who filed the case is Wilfredo Keng, and NOT Marcos! 

3. The published Rappler article, titled “CJ (Chief Justice) Using SUVs of Controversial Businessman,” was about Wilfredo Keng’s involvement in a controversy surrounding then Chief Justice Renato Corona as alleged by Santos Jr, and which has NOTHING TO DO WHATSOEVER with Marcos! 

4. Ressa and Santos Jr, were arraigned on May 13, 2019, more than three years BEFORE Marcos took office. 

5. The verdict of “GUILTY” of criminal libel was handed down on June 15, 2020. That’s more than two years BEFORE Marcos was sworn into office. 

6. It was appealed but the court upholds the conviction and declared it barely two days after Marcos took office.

The following are excerpts of the court decision penned by presiding judge Rainelda Estacio-Montesa:

“.... the court finds the prosecution’s evidence sufficient in establishing the guilt of both Accused Reynaldo Santos Jr and Maria Ressa beyond reasonable doubt for violation of Section 4(c)(4) of Republic Act 10175....”

In Ressa’s claim that she had no participation in the said subject article, the court said it does not shield her from liability: “It is not a matter of whether she was actually involved in preparing or editing the subject article, because the law simply states that she, as editor and business manager, is liable “AS IF” she was the author, in accordance with Article 360 of the Revised Penal Code, in relation to R.A. 10175.”

As to the mention of “freedom of speech,” the court said: “The right of every person to freedom of speech is a right guaranteed by the Constitution. It is the right to speak freely without fear of retribution or retaliation. The right of the press to freely report news and opinion without undue restraint is guaranteed no less. These rights are imbued with vast powers to advance the COMMON GOOD, TO EFFECT change and influence the minds of others IN THE HOPE OF BUILDING A SOCIETY where every person can be free. But when abused, THIS FREEDOM can SOW animosity and ENGENDER divisiveness and resentment THAT MAY LEAD TO disorder and chaos.... Indeed, the Constitution guarantees freedom of expression and of the press. But this is a freedom burdened with responsibility for even the Journalists’ Codes of Ethics exhorts all journalists to ‘recognize the duty to air the other side and the duty to correct substantive errors promptly.’ This the accused DID NOT DO even when the victim, Keng, pleaded to them to air his side or at least publish a clarificatory article.”

Furthermore, the court in its ruling said that Ressa “did not offer a scintilla of proof that they verified the imputations of various crimes in the disputed article.... They just simply published them as news in their online publication in reckless disregard of whether they are false or not.”

The judge even quoted Nelson Mandela: “For to be free is not merely to cast off ones chains but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of others.” 

7. The law that was used to convict Ressa, the Cybercrime Prevention Act (R.A. 10175), was legislated in September 12, 2012. That was during President Benigno Aquino III’s time, which is almost 10 years before Marcos Jr was elected president!

So, how can she accuse President Marcos Jr of harassing and intimidating her? In reality, it is Ressa who is doing the harassment through her deception and manipulation of media, trying to tie her conviction as press suppression to the new president whose reputation she persistently seek to malign during the campaign period and continuously afterwards. 

MARIA RESSA’S TWITTER POST HAS BEEN FACT-CHECKED AND FOUND FULL OF DECEPTIONS! 

NOONE IS ABOVE THE LAW!

 

As to the comments made by Berit Reiss-Andersen, Nobel Committee chairperson, lawyer Amal Clooney, and United Nations (UN) rapporteur Irene Khan, allow me to voice my disagreement. 

First of all, the conviction was NOT about “freedom of expression.” It was about a news report published by Rappler more than 10 years ago containing false and malicious information about the person named Wilfredo Keng, and the failure (or willful intent?) of Ressa and her co-accused, Santos Jr, not to give Keng a chance to dispute the story as what journalists are inclined to do (Kindly read the court decision, some excerpts of which I have included here.). She was convicted of libel not because she uncovered something sinister about the person, but because she published FALSE information about the person, and did not give that person the chance to repute the allegation in total disregard for journalistic fairness.

Now, does the Nobel Committee chaired by Reiss-Andersen condone such a criminal act? If so, it would be a disgraceful blot, a wart, in the reputation of the very prestigious institution. For Clooney, you know the law, and clearly you also know President Marcos has NOTHING TO DO with the case that had been decided before he took office. For Khan, I think you are letting your clouded mind shows your ignorance of the matter, of the circumstances, on who’s to blame, and of journalistic ethics. You all better go back to school and start researching thoroughly! 

Secondly, why do you keep dragging the name of newly-elected President Marcos Jr to this case? He has NOTHING WHATSOEVER TO DO with it? Do you also have a HIDDEN AGENDA against him? Believe me when I say that this time around the entire Pilipino nation will not take this sitting down. Pilipinos have been silent for more than three decades of disinformation and historical revisionism, but NO MORE! 

Thirdly, Ressa is NOT A HERO of the free press! She has been labelled as the “Queen of Fake News,” because her booboos, yellow journalism and unresearched articles. In fact, in a recent Reuter Institute graph of the “Study of Journalism’s Digital Report” (2022) in the Philippines, it was shown that Rappler is at the lowest rank, the news organization that people “don’t trust.” There have been so many instances of Rappler publishing one-sided stories with biased political intent.


Fourth, Ressa kept claiming that there is no press freedom in the Philippines, but at the same time continuously, FREELY, giving press statements against the government in both local and foreign newspapers, TV interviews and online news posts. What a contradiction! Rappler for its part has been known to be biased against the Marcoses. During the election campaign period, it showcased a one-sided information drive in favor of Leni Robredo while discouraging people to side with Bongbong Marcos. They recycled old stories against his father, former President Ferdinand E. Marcos, and always branding him with the “dictator’s son” tag with an obvious antagonistic intent. Something that fair press shouldn’t do. But the Pilipino people are now wise and enlightened, and can no longer be fooled by media manipulations and fake news.


Fifth, we are in a democratic society. If the news media are used to disseminate black propaganda and propagate discord among the people for the benefit of a certain group, then fascism is being introduced. The Philippines recently concluded a presidential election. The results are glaringly clear; President Marcos Jr won by an ABSOLUTE MAJORITY, with the biggest margin ever in Philippine history. Volunteerism won over media and celebrity hype! The Pilipino nation has spoken, nay, they shouted with all their might, but Rappler continues to sow disinformation with a clearly biased intent in favor of the defeated candidate. This alone is a violation of the Journalists’ Code of Ethics. Vox ilustrati populi, vox omnipotentis dei (The voice of an enlightened people, the voice of an omnipotent GOD).


 

NOTE: Top and bottom caricatures drawn by Glenzkie Tolo (Daily Tribune).